Substitutions

Cornstarch for thickening  ... Need 1 tablespoon cornstarch for thickening? Use 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour.

Tomato Juice ... Need 2 cups tomato juice? Use 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water.

Chicken or Beef Broth ... Need 1 cup chicken or beef broth? Use 1 teaspoon instant chicken or beef bouillon granules plus 1 cup water.

Small Onion ... Need 1 small onion? Use 1/8 teaspoon onion powder or 1 tablespoon dried minced onion.

Garlic Clove  ... Need 1 garlic clove? Use 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder.

Fresh Snipped Herbs  ... Need 1 tablespoon fresh snipped herbs? Use 1 teaspoon dried herbs, crushed.

One Square Unsweetened Chocolate  ... Need 1 square (1 oz.) unsweetened chocolate? Use 3 tablespoons unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1 tablespoon shortening.